When Does Advocacy of Social Values Complicate Management of Stakeholder Relationships?

I ran across this article on Harley-Davidson, trending now due to the annual Sturgis motorcycle rally having taken place earlier this month.

Again, it speaks to a reality about consumers – different people have different values.  Is a company in the business of alignment with social values or product values?  How can a company learn what values drive purchases of its goods and services?  Does reticence in identifying a company or its products with non-commercial values make sense from time to time?  Or should a company position itself in the sweet spot of affinity for one, but not other consumers?